Dareecha-e-Tahqeeq is an Urdu research and critical inquiry journal which has been published since July 2020, quarterly. The unpublished research-based articles in the context of the Urdu language and literature and other Pakistani local & regional languages as well as Persian, Arabic & Islamic Studies are included in Dareecha –e-Tahqeeq. Articles are sent to the experts for evaluation and opinion before publication. The Aim and Goal of Dareecha-e-Tahqeeq are to promote quality research in areas of Urdu and other Pakistani local & regional languages. The major area of publication of Dareecha-e-Tahqeeq is to publish research work about Urdu classical text, manuscripts and artifacts as well as modern critical thoughts, issues of language, linguistics and quality research of poetry. The Objective of Dareecha-e-Tahqeeq is to standardize Urdu and other Pakistani languages research and criticism, particularly in Universities. The journal facilitates the publication of Urdu researchers and scholars in universities of Pakistan and abroad, research projects under the defined procedures and guidelines. Researchers and scholars of Urdu and other local languages outside universities can also send their research articles. Dareecha-e-Tahqeeq strictly follows the rules and regulations set by HEC for journals. Https: //hjrs. Hec. Gov. Pk/index. Php?r=site%2Fresult&id=1021781#journal_result
Effects Of Absurdism On Modern Urdu Short Stories
The topic of this research is "Effects of Absurdism on Modern Urdu Short Stories". The research method for this is descriptive. In this research, the theory of the philosophy of absurdism has been described and along with, its effects in modern Urdu Short Stories have been studied. In this regard, the themes, techniques and styles of modern Urdu Stories have been researched in the context of philosophy and absurdism. The approach of the critics towards modern Urdu Story and especially towards the philosophy of absurdism is described. This research provides awareness about the modern Urdu story and Short Story writers
Psychological Study Of The Poem Created In The Corona Epidemic
Every literature is a reflection and interpreter of its era. Regional and global stimuli influence the creation of literature.In the last years of the second decade of the 21st century, the Corona epidemic affected the world. This fear of the plague paralyzed human life and psyche. Fear of the end of life and the system of life began to grow. Fear of helplessness and helplessness gave rise to new topics. Urdu literature also accepted these effects of the epidemic.These feelings and emotions began to be expressed in poetry and prose by the creators.Writers and poets have played their part in alleviating the suffering caused by the destruction of the human mind through their creations. It began to be mentioned in the genres of poetry and prose. The trend of expression in the genre of poetry in Urdu literature has been on the rise for the last few decades and this trend continued even in the days of the epidemic. Literary magazines such as "Zauq" and "Dunya Zad" published special epidemic issues. This article contains a psychological study of the poems included in these magazines
A Philosophical And Psychological Study Of Hasan Manzar’s Novel "Habs"
This research article Highlights a psychological and philosophical analysis of Hasan Manzar's significant novel Habs (حبس), which portrays the mental turmoil of the novel's main character "Ariel Sharon" the former Israeli Prime Minister, during his years-long coma. As a psychiatrist, Hassan Manzar skillfully explores the complexities of human conscience, subconscious repression, guilt, and psychological trauma. Although this novel has been gained political and moral attention in Urdu literary circles but it still lacks a comprehensive psychological analysis. The research is grounded in Sigmund Freud’s theories, particularly the unconscious, defense mechanisms, and guilt. Using interpretive and analytical methods, the study examines the protagonist’s internal conflict, symbolic visions, recurring dreams, and the resurfacing of suppressed memories. The findings reveal that Sharon, once empowered by violence and supremacist ideology, ultimately becomes a victim of his own subconscious torment. "Habs" is not merely a narrative of historical injustice but a psychological elegy on the disintegration of the self, the awakenings of moral conscience, and the burden of repressed atrocities.
This article examines the philosophical orientation of Mirza Ghalib, arguing that he was primarily a rationalist rather than a modernist in the European sense. While Ghalib is often regarded as a modern poet due to his critique of tradition, individualism, and social norms, a closer reading of his work reveals a distinct emphasis on rationalism (Rationality) over human-centered modernism (Humanism). The paperdistinguishes between rationalism, which prioritizes reason and causal laws as the means to understandthe universe, and modern humanism, which places the human being at the center of all values, knowledge,and existence. By analyzing Ghalib’s treatment of existence, social consciousness, and religious critique,the article demonstrates that his “innovations” are grounded in a macrocosmic rational worldview ratherthan the anthropocentric perspective characteristic of European modernity. Furthermore, Ghalib’sengagement with classical Persian and Indian poetic traditions, along with his use of silence andcontemplation, aligns more closely with a rational and mystical framework than with existential orhumanist modernist tendencies. The study thus reframes Ghalib as a poet whose modern reputation isrooted in his rationalist, socially aware, and critically independent thought rather than in human-centeredmodernist philosophy.
Iqbal’s Concepts In The View Of Saleem Ahmed
Salim Ahmed is one of the important critics of Iqbaliat. In his book Iqbal as a poet, he has tried to look at Iqbal's ideas and thoughts in a different way and has also raised objections to it. He has described Iqbal's basic concept of self with reference to Surah Ikhlas, while his poetry has been described as the poetry of the cobbler's door. The article under consideration is a critical analysis of these two articles
Justification Of “Shikwa” And “Jawab e Shikwa” in Iqbal's Thought
Allama Iqbal was a great poet and thinker of the twentieth century. He used poetry as one of the most important tools for the awakening of the Muslim Ummah. In Urdu and Persian he devised a new vocabulary and a new style to present his wise and philosophical thoughts. Initially, he adopted the traditional style of poetry and took the discipleship of a great poet like Dagh Dehlvi. But very soon he abandoned this style of poetry. After returning from Europe, there was a complete change in style.The first successful poem of this changed style and style can be called "Shikwa". In “Shikwa”, the desperation and helplessness of the Muslims was attributed to God's indifference. In "Shikwa" the style of boldness is naturally dominant. In it, the services of Muslims have been highlighted, from which the people of God have benefited. In “Jawab e Shikwa”, it is said that the dialogue is from God, so his style is different. In this, the complacency of the Muslims, their aversion to hard work and their negligence have been blamed for their present situation.When Iqbal wrote "Shikwa", a storm arose against him and many Mullahs also imposed fatwas of disbelief on him, but when Iqbal wrote "Jawab-e-Shikwa", people started to hide their faces and from their first thoughts, they began to move, in which Iqbal was challenged. These two great poems are very central in Iqbal's thought. The importance of these two poems is reflected in all the later poetry of Iqbal. In this article, an attempt has been made to trace the causes and factors of the creation of these two poems and to determine their status.
A Research Study of first ever Travelogue of Kashmir: ‘Sair e Kashmir’ by Pandit Kunihya Lal
Travelogue is a prominent Genre of Urdu Literature. Its tradition began in the ageof the British Raj in 19th century. The first ever travelogue in Urdu is ‘Ajaebaat e Farang’ by Yousuf Khan Kambalposh which was published in 1847. In the sameperiod a travelogue was written by Pandit Kunihya Lal who traveled the state ofKashmir with a British officer. It was published by Matba Nawal Kishor in 1861.In this article, research study is undertaken to rediscover the facts about thistravelogue. Moreover the historical placement and value of this rare manuscript is also discussed here.
Terminological Dilemma Of Urdu Books On Literary Genres: Comparative Analysis
This short article is an attempt to identify definition issues in books written in Urdu language onliterary terms. The article starts with defining the definition and its function as well as limitations asoutlines in major current epistemological discussions. To document that nature and intensity of issuein Urdu books, the terms of Ghazal is compared in 61 famous books on the subject. Results showsthat only two books provided partial definitions, while other negating this part, choose to directlyembark upon explanations, parallels, evolution and surrounding debates about.
There are two types of prose in terms of meaning,difficult and simple and then the sub types of these types,difficult plain and difficult colorful and smooth plain and smooth colorful.However,these are four types of attributes in prose genres, scholarly,mystical,poetic and However ,in addition to highlighting the difference between classical and modern fiction ,the purpose of this article is to mention the origins and characteristics of modern fiction as well as those fiction writers Whose stories are a reflection of the art of modernity.
Literary Aspects Of Professor Nazeer Siddiqui
Prof. Nazeer Siddiqui is a reliable name among the personalities of the modern era who have increased their extraordinary abilities in various fields of literature. Prof. Nazeer Siddiqui was truly a multifaceted personality. Along with teaching of literature, he added his name to the architects of modern Urdu literature by performing many exemplary works in poetry, criticism, column writing and essay writing.Prof. Nazeer Siddiqui's literary development took place in Dhaka under the supervision of Dr. Andaleeb Shadani. He created his own style in criticism, essay writing and poetry. His criticism is not subject to any well-known critical school. Although he was initially influenced by the progressive movement, his criticism is different from the progressive criticism. He is not anti-traditional like the Arbab-e-Zoq circle. Unlike the modernists, Nazir Siddiqui loved the healthy values of tradition. Therefore, it had nothing to do with modernity.Nazeer Siddiqui also made his own way in light essay. Like Dr. Wazir Agha and Mashkoor Hussain Yad, he founded a separate school of light essay. Nazeer Siddiqui's light essays, despite their satire and elegance, do not become sarcastic and humorous essays. The beauty of the language and the quality of expression give a distinct flavor to his compositions. Nazir Siddiqui preferred the genre of ghazal in poetry to convey his passion and feelings. In his ghazal, the color of happiness is dominant, but other colors of life are also present in it. In the article under review, Professor Nazir Siddiqui's all-round literary services have been introduced and his services have also been acknowledged.
Farid Javed is a poet of the 20th century, but apart from just one poetic collection, “ Silsila Takallum Ka” there is no other poetic work is available. This article is an attempt to highlight the importance of this poet because there is not enough research and critical material on Farid Javed, while after the establishment of Pakistan, this poet has shown his intellectual abilities regarding important topics of Urdu poetry. These abilities were not acknowledged when he was alived, but there is an effect of individuality in his words, which is enough to call him an important poet. Farid Javed has completed his journey at a slow pace but there is so much breadth and depth in this collection that it cannot be ignored.
The Impact of Technology on the Urdu Language: Opportunities and Concerns
This research article examines the impact of technology on the Urdu language, highlighting both opportunities and concerns. With the rapid growth of digital platforms, Urdu has moved beyond traditional boundaries and entered the global arena. Technology has expanded the scope of Urdu in education, communication, literature, and research. Digital libraries, social media platforms, online classes, and mobile applications have enabled greater accessibility and fostered a sense of global community among Urdu speakers. These developments provide vast opportunities for the preservation and promotion of the language in the modern age.However, alongside these possibilities, several challenges and concerns have also emerged. The increasing dominance of English in technological domains poses a threat to the linguistic independence of Urdu. Informal and non-standard writing practices on digital platforms have led to distortions in spelling, grammar, and stylistic features of the language. Furthermore, the lack of sufficient software and applications designed specifically for Urdu creates limitations for its full integration into the digital world.The findings suggest that while technology has provided Urdu with new avenues of growth and recognition, it also demands conscious efforts to preserve its originality and literary value. Effective strategies are needed to balance technological advancement with linguistic integrity. If addressed carefully, technology can play a transformative role in ensuring that Urdu remains a vibrant, globally relevant language in the twenty-first century.
Urdu Literature And Social Media: Creation, Communication, And Impact
This paper explores the dynamic interaction between Urdu literature and social media, focusing on the processes of creation, communication, and impact. With the advent of digital platforms, Urdu literature has undergone a significant transformation in both form and accessibility. Social media has provided writers with an open space to publish their works instantly, thereby bypassing traditional publishing barriers. This accessibility has not only democratized literary expression but has also allowed for the emergence of new voices and genres within Urdu literature. At the same time, the communication of literature through social media has expanded readership, connecting writers and audiences across geographical and cultural boundaries. However, this new paradigm also raises critical questions about literary quality, plagiarism, and the dominance of popularity-driven content over meaningful artistic expression. The paper critically examines how social media influences readers’ engagement, reshapes linguistic trends, and alters traditional literary norms. By analyzing these aspects, the study highlights both the opportunities and challenges posed by digital platforms for the future of Urdu literature. Ultimately, the paper argues that while social media enriches literary visibility and diversity, it also necessitates conscious efforts to preserve the depth, quality, and cultural identity of Urdu literary tradition.
The Representation Of Civilizational And Cultural Values In The Travelogue “Zauq-E-Parwaz”
In the modern era of Urdu itinerary, Dr. Fasihuddin Ashraf's writing "Zoq.e Prwaz “is important. In this itinerary, he describes the civilization of these countries in great detail, along with the journey of more than 50 countries. These include China, Miser, Malaysia, Norway, Urdan, Australia, New Zealand, Japan, etc. These journals are the most important in offering culture and cultural values, which not only gives awareness of many civilizations, but also it compares to the civilization of Pakistan, and many new aspects are exposed. These trip names give a deep mirror of reality and social values; all these points are presented in the article under consideration.
Gender Discrimination In The Urdu Language: A Linguistic Analysis
This research article presents a linguistic analysis of gender discrimination in the Urdu language. Language is not only a medium of communication but also a mirror reflecting the cultural and societal norms of a community. It both shapes and is shaped by the values and ideologies of its speakers. Urdu, as a major literary and cultural language of South Asia, contains visible and subtle patterns of gender differentiation that can be identified across various linguistic levels. The study applies principles of structural linguistics to explore how gender bias is embedded in the lexical choices, syntactic structures, and discourse practices of Urdu. It investigates gendered expressions, pronoun usage, and semantic associations prevalent in Urdu literature, media, educational content, and everyday conversation. The paper also examines how linguistic elements serve to reinforce traditional gender roles and hierarchical social structures. Furthermore, the article addresses the interpretive challenges of gendered symbols and the influence of sociocultural contexts in shaping gendered language. It argues that gender equality in language cannot be achieved solely through linguistic reforms, but requires broader socio-cultural transformation. This analysis highlights the importance of revisiting linguistic policies and pedagogical practices to promote a more inclusive and equitable use of Urdu. By identifying gendered patterns in language, the study encourages critical awareness and advocates for change that supports gender equity in linguistic representation and practice
A Comparative Analysis Of Biographical Films On Saadat Hasan Manto
This paper presents a concise comparative study of the major films based on the life and writings of Saadat Hasan Manto, focusing primarily on Sarmad Khoosat’s Manto (2015) and Nandita Das’s Manto (2018). Through an analysis of narrative structure, representational strategies, and historical framing, the study examines how each film constructs Manto’s persona and interprets his literary ethos. The comparison highlights significant differences in thematic emphasis, cinematic tone, and cultural perspective, despite a shared commitment to portraying Manto’s uncompromising realism. The findings demonstrate how these films contribute to contemporary readings of Manto and underscore the role of cinema in shaping literary memory in South Asia.
The Evolution And Structural Analysis Of New Vocabulary In Urdu
The evolution of new vocabulary in Urdu represents a dynamic linguistic phenomenon that reflects the language’s adaptability to socio-cultural, scientific, and technological changes. This study explores the emergence of new words in Urdu, analyzing their sources, structural composition, and integration into the linguistic system. The research focuses on how foreign terms especially from English are adopted, modified, and standardized within Urdu’s grammatical and phonological structures. It also investigates native strategies for word formation, such as compounding, affixation, and semantic shifts.Through a structural linguistic approach, this article examines the morphological and syntactic patterns that govern the assimilation of new vocabulary. It demonstrates how hybrid structures and code-mixed expressions have emerged in modern Urdu, particularly in media, education, digital communication, and everyday discourse. The study identifies the social drivers behind lexical innovation, including globalization, digital media influence, and changing cultural needs.In addition, this paper highlights the challenges of standardizing and documenting these evolving lexical items within dictionaries and academic resources. It suggests that the development of updated digital lexicons and descriptive linguistic tools is essential for preserving the integrity and relevance of the Urdu language in the contemporary era.This research contributes to understanding how structural analysis of vocabulary evolution can offer deeper insights into language change, cultural identity, and the future trajectory of Urdu. It underlines the importance of continuous linguistic research to safeguard the expressive and intellectual richness of Urdu in an increasingly globalized world
Naseem Hijazi’s novel Khak aur Khoon (1949) is a significant literary work exploring the partition of India, focusing on the socio-political and emotional upheavals in a Punjab village. Through its protagonist characters the novel vividly portrays the communal tensions, injustices of the Radcliffe Line, and the struggle for freedom, blending historical events with fictional narratives. Hijazi’s purposeful storytelling emphasizes Islamic identity and unity, contrasting with the materialistic focus of progressive writers. The novel’s structured plot, compelling characters, and evocative imagery effectively capture the trauma and resilience of the partition era, maintaining its relevance decades later.
Principles Of Character Building In Children's Literary Magazine 'Taleem O Tarbiat: An Analytical Review
The title of this research is "Principles of Character Building in Children's Literary Magazine 'Taleem o Tarbiat': An Analytical Review." This study examines the role of the literary magazine "Taleem o Tarbiat" in shaping the moral and educational character of children. The research analyzes the diverse themes, ethical values, and educational aspects presented in the magazine, highlighting its significance in not only enhancing children's knowledge but also in molding their character. Key principles such as morality, empathy, obedience, and responsibility are emphasized as foundational elements in character development. The findings suggest that literary magazines like "Taleem o Tarbiat" can serve as effective tools for fostering positive societal change and nurturing well-rounded individuals.
Iqbal’s Concept Of Jihad: In The View Of Saleem Ahmed
Salim Ahmed is considered one of the important critics of Urdu. He not only introduced new ideas to Urdu criticism but also raised objections to Iqbal'spoetry and thoughts from various perspectives. In the article under consideration, Iqbal's Concept of Jihad, he has raised objections to Iqbal's thoughts, stating that Iqbal opposes reason in his poetry while supporting it in his book reconstruction of religious thought in Islam. This isn’t true about Iqbal’s thought. This article is critical analysis of Salim Ahmad views about Iqbal.